Southeast Anatolia project (guneydogu Anadolu projesi) and its impact on international relations in the Mesopotamia region (the end of the 20th – the beginning of the 21st century)

Memish, O., Zakharchenko, M. (2024) Southeast Anatolia project (guneydogu Anadolu projesi) and its impact on international relations in the Mesopotamia region (the end of the 20th – the beginning of the 21st century). Skhidnoievropeiskyi Istorychnyi Visnyk, Т. 32. с. 122-130. ISSN 2664-2735

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Резюме

The article focuses on clarification of the main reasons for the formation and development of the Turkish-Syrian-Iraqi contradictions regarding the joint use of the rivers of Mesopotamia. The degree of effectiveness of the agreements concluded during the period of the 1940s – the 2010s and other interstate normative legal acts related to the use of the waters of the Euphrates and Tigris rivers have been elucidated. The purpose of our research is to analyse the results of Turkey’s mplementation of the Southeast Anatolia Project (GAP) – a multi-sectoral integrated regional development project based on the concept of a sustainable development of the south-eastern region of Turkey, the main component of which was aimed at expanding the opportunities and scale of economic use of water resources. Its consequences for water supply and water use in the Tigris and Euphrates river basins have been clarified. An attempt is made to explain the role of GAP in the “water conflict” between Turkey, Iraq and Syria. The scientific novelty of the study consists in the following: based on the processing of documentary sources, statistical materials, numerous analytical publications, both national and provincial, as well as relying on the authors’ own field research, there has been maked one of the first attempts in Ukrainian historiography to show the depth and magnitude of the GAP’s impact on interstate relations in the Mesopotamia region. The methodological basis of the research is the principles of historicism, scientificity, interdisciplinarity, a value approach and the use of general scientific (analysis, synthesis and generalization) methods.

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